Source: DALL-E2
Florida’s new Conveyances to Foreign Entities Act becomes effective on July 1, and will complicate closings with foreign buyers from China, Russia, Iran, North Korea, Cuba, Venezuela, and Syria.
Why it matters: Traditionally, title agents, trustees, and Realtors could care less about a buyer’s nationality so long as the check cleared. But the new laws will require affidavits, uncomfortable questions, and investigations to ensure compliance.
A government official, entity, political party, business, or person who is from or lives in one of the listed “foreign countries of concern,” are not allowed to own:
- agricultural land;
- property within 10 miles of a military installation that is at least 10 acres in size; nor
- property within 10 miles of critical infrastructure facilities such as airports, spaceports, seaports, chemical plants, power plants, water or sewer plants, etc.
If the property was acquired before July 1, 2023, the owner must register with the State. If they purchase it after July 1, 2023, they must divest their ownership or face criminal charges and civil fines.
The law does not apply to people from the prohibited countries if they are resident aliens (Green Card), or naturalized citizens of the U.S.
- A foreign person from one of these countries may purchase up to one residential property up to two acres so long as the property is over five miles from a military installation, and the buyers have a U.S. non-tourist visa or asylum and register with the State within 30 days of acquisition.
State of play: Title insurers will require an affidavit from anyone purchasing property within 10 miles of a military installation or critical infrastructure facility, stating under penalties of perjury that they are not subject to this law and they are in compliance with the statute. Since it is difficult to know whether a property is located in one of these “red zones,” we expect that this will be a form signed in every closing after July 1, 2023.
Violations of the laws are a second-degree misdemeanor up to a thirddegree felony for the buyer and first-degree misdemeanor for the seller.
Yes, but: Tennessee and other states have passed similar laws. A group of Chinese citizens living and working in Florida have sued to declare the new law unconstitutional.
Our thought bubble: To comply with the new statute but not violate Fair Housing laws, we will require all beneficiaries to execute statements under penalty of perjury each time a new trust is created. They will confirm that they comply with the new law and are not part of the prohibited class of owners. We will be required to sign affidavits at closing to that effect, and we must have assurances from every beneficiary that what we assert is true
The bottom line: There will be more paperwork … and suspicion … around Florida closings after July 1.